Research Symposium

BIO

Alexander Tomaselli is a freshman from Moorestown, New Jersey, and a Presidential Scholar pursuing a Bachelor of Science in Biological Sciences. He is involved in the Pre-Dental Society and SASE (Society of Asian Scientists and Engineers). After completing his undergraduate degree, he plans to attend dental school and pursue a career in dentistry.

Portrayal of Women in Bollywood Films Directed by Women

Abstract

This study explores the portrayal of women in Bollywood films directed by female directors and examines whether these films challenge traditional gender stereotypes. Although Bollywood is one of the largest and most globally recognized film industries, women remain underrepresented in directing roles. Because directors play a significant role in shaping narratives and character development, this research investigates whether female-directed films present women as more empowered, multidimensional, and socially diverse compared to mainstream portrayals.

To address this question, we conducted a qualitative content analysis of a selected sample of Bollywood films directed by women. Each film was systematically coded based on key character variables, including occupation, age, social class, relationships, independence, and overall agency. This structured approach allowed us to evaluate both individual character traits and broader thematic trends across the films.

The findings suggest that female-directed Bollywood films more frequently depict women as career-oriented, ambitious, and independent individuals. Many protagonists occupy professional roles and demonstrate higher levels of personal agency compared to traditional portrayals. However, the data also reveal continued patterns related to class and age, with upper-middle-class characters appearing more prominently than lower-class or older women.

Overall, this study indicates that women directors contribute to more progressive and nuanced representations of female characters. Increasing female participation behind the camera may therefore play a meaningful role in reshaping gender narratives and promoting more inclusive storytelling within Bollywood cinema.

Keywords: Bollywood, Films, Women